Bolt's current dynamic pricing can be unpredictable for users.
This is redesign of the pricing model to ensure fairness and transparency.

This is redesign of the pricing model to ensure
                        fairness and transparency.

My Role

Product Design (UX/UI),
UX Research.

Platforms

Mobile App

Tool

Figma, Maze.

Time

2022

Overview

Bolt, an Estonian mobility company headquartered in Tallinn, provides ride-hailing, micro-mobility rentals, food and grocery delivery, and car-sharing services across over 500 cities in more than 45 countries worldwide. However, users often face unpredictable pricing, with ride costs changing after reaching the bus stop, leading to frustration and unexpected charges.

In this case study, I’ll walk you through how I addressed this issue and proposed a solution

What is the problem?

Bolt, an Estonian mobility company headquartered in Tallinn, provides ride-hailing, micro-mobility rentals, food and grocery delivery, and car-sharing services across over 500 cities in more than 45 countries worldwide. However, users often face unpredictable pricing, with ride costs changing after reaching the bus stop, leading to frustration and unexpected charges.

In this case study, I’ll walk you through how I addressed this issue and proposed a solution
Design Process
Design Process

How Did I Empathize with Users?

Research Objectives

  1. Evaluate users' overall experience with the Bolt app and its services.
  2. Assess users' perceptions and concerns regarding ride pricing.
  3. Identify key pain points in the user journey and propose targeted solutions to address them.

Google Play Store Reviews

Based on user reviews from the Google Play Store, few users reported positive experiences with the app. Many highlighted issues, particularly with price fluctuations upon reaching their destination during surge pricing or peak times, which led to frustration and numerous complaints. Users also expressed dissatisfaction with driver services, indicating a need for better driver orientation before accepting rides. Despite the presence of a star rating system, it does not effectively influence the drivers suggested to users.
Google Play Store Reviews
Google Play Store Reviews

Competitive Analysis

I downloaded both the Bolt and Uber apps to assess their user experience and overall functionality. However, I was unable to download the Lyft app, as it is unavailable in Nigeria. As a result, my research on Lyft was based on secondary sources, including websites and user reviews.
Strengths
Strengths
Competitors in the ride-hailing industry have distinct goals reflected in their features. Bolt focuses on affordability, catering to a wide range of income levels, while aiming to increase its market share in Europe.

Uber focuses on affordability through ride-sharing, cutting costs and reducing carbon footprints by optimizing vehicle use. It promotes sustainability by offering multiple drop-off options.

Lyft pioneered ride-sharing to save money and reduce emissions. Its thorough driver background checks prioritize passenger safety, going beyond just star ratings.
Weaknesses
Weaknesses
All of them employ similar business models that incorporate dynamic pricing, adjusting based on factors such as weather, traffic, and time to maximize profits. However, the timing of price disclosure varies: Uber and Lyft reveal prices before the ride, while Bolt discloses prices after reaching the destination.

User Survey

To gain insights into users' frustrations and pain points regarding price changes and the driving experience, a survey was conducted. The survey gathered responses from 23 participants and included relevant questions to validate the issues identified in the secondary research.
Relevant Survey Response
Relevant Survey Response
“I was charged a particular fee prior to the ride but at the end of the ride, I was charged higher” - Participant
Pricing

Pricing

Bolt and other mobility services employ Dynamic or Surge pricing, adjusting prices based on factors like traffic, weather, time, and demand. This strategy optimizes pricing for maximum profit and is used across various industries, including transportation, event ticketing, and hospitality.
Should Dynamic pricing be removed from bolt?

Should Dynamic pricing be removed from bolt?

Dynamic or surge pricing ensures fair pricing by adjusting rates based on unpredictable factors like traffic and demand. Removing it without accurate prediction systems would disadvantage both the company and drivers.

These variables are unpredictable, and dynamic pricing prevents losses and overpricing. Continuing to use dynamic pricing is crucial as AI prediction systems may not always be entirely accurate.
If dynamic pricing should stay, what then is the problem?

If dynamic pricing should stay, what then is the problem?

The research shows that Bolt's practice of informing customers about price changes after the ride can lead to feelings of deception. Customers value consistency, and discovering price changes post-ride worsens their experience.

Uber addresses this with upfront pricing, enhancing transparency. However, it can lead to losses if variables change during the ride, affecting costs.
Information

Information

During the ride, riders are notified of surge pricing, promoting transparency and understanding of price changes. This eliminates surprises, allowing riders to add funds if necessary to cover the adjusted fare.
Information
Customers are informed of price increases and given the choice to continue with the ride or cancel if they find the new price unfavorable. This promotes preparedness and autonomy, ensuring customers are aware of the increased price and can make informed decisions without feeling deceived.

They won't feel deceived or cheated because they have willingly accepted the increased price before proceeding with the ride.
Driving Experience

2. Driving Experience

Bolt automatically assigns the nearest available driver without giving users the option to choose based on ratings and location. While users can rate drivers, these ratings only influence whether the driver remains on the platform.

Allowing users to choose their driver based on ratings and location would give them control and prevent pairing with drivers they've had negative experiences with.

Usability Test

Maze.co was used for conducting usability testing, where users were asked to provide feedback on the overall impression of the screens and suggest improvements.
Additionally, they were instructed to perform basic operations associated with requesting a ride.
Heat Maps
Heat Maps

Changes Made After Usability Testing

Users expressed concerns regarding the excessive use of red in the screens, which was found to be visually overwhelming. To address this, I aligned the color scheme with the brand’s color palette, ensuring a more cohesive and less jarring user experience.
Updated design 1
Updated design 1
Users suggested adding driver names alongside their photos for easier identification, particularly for those who wish to avoid drivers they’ve had negative experiences with. This adjustment improves the ability to recognize and select preferred drivers.
Heat Maps
Updated design 2

Summary

I initially assumed that users primarily choose Bolt for its affordability and access to remote areas. However, my research, especially within Nigeria, revealed that many users prioritize comfort when selecting mobility services. They are willing to pay more for the experience of having greater control over their ride